IntroductionIn today’s increasingly interconnected financial world, insurance companies and pension funds often operate across multiple jurisdictions. This globalization of insurance and risk management has created a pressing need for consistent, transparent, and comparable actuarial practices worldwide. Actuarial valuation—an essential process

IntroductionDubai has rapidly emerged as a global hub for luxury, business, and innovation. In recent years, it has also positioned itself as a leading destination for medical tourism. The emirate’s government has invested significantly in healthcare infrastructure, technological advancements, and hospitality services to attract international pat

In today’s interconnected global economy, supply chains have become increasingly complex, spanning multiple regions, industries, and third-party relationships. With this complexity comes heightened exposure to risks such as operational disruptions, financial losses, regulatory non-compliance, and reputational damage. Organizations now rely heavil

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has long been recognized as a global leader in water management solutions due to its arid climate, scarce freshwater resources, and rapidly growing urban centers. With limited rainfall and negligible natural freshwater reserves, the country has invested heavily in desalination as the cornerstone of its water security

The adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) has reshaped the way companies around the world report their financial performance. For UK-based group structures, the consolidation rules under IFRS provide a unified framework for presenting the financial position and performance of parent companies and their subsidiaries. The pro